Boston Metal announces layoffs & closure of its Woburn, Massachusetts facility amid funding challenges. The company pioneered molten oxide electrolysis technology for producing steel without carbon emissions. Despite raising approximately $120 million from investors including Breakthrough Energy Ventures & ArcelorMittal, Boston Metal could not secure the $500 million to $1 billion required for commercial-scale deployment. The closure leaves the United States without a significant domestic player in primary green steel technology development.